Thanks to @hacdias, I just discovered this:

curl wttr.in

But wttr.in can’t only show you your current weather and the forecast (based on your IP location) in your terminal, it also has a lot of extra options and is open source. Check out the GitHub repository.

wttr.in is a console-oriented weather forecast service that supports various information representation methods like terminal-oriented ANSI-sequences for console HTTP clients (curl, httpie, or wget), HTML for web browsers, or PNG for graphical viewers.